This species' fondness for the tops of high firs has prevented students from studying its habits and little is known of its ways. What few records we have all agree on the lofty plane in which it passes its life. It is probably common in Pacific Coast areas but escapes observation.
NEST: Neat and firm, made entirely of fine grasses, with some downy substance and vegetable fibre on the outside: located four feet from ground in a willow at Vancouver, B.C.
EGGS: Four: light, ashen heavily blotched and specked with dull rufous brown. The color on the large end of one egg is almost solid. In another, very sparse. (Childs)
Western North America, north to Upper Yukon, Alaska, and east to Colorado.
A bushy tree, up to 30 feet in height; locally distributed among islands of Southern California from water level to 3,000 feet elevation.